Indications for self-evaluation
These indicators are applied to pharmacists in all fields. They are used by the trainees to select the contents of their own training and also to check the contents of training they have received.
Training generally consists of attending lectures. Asterisks (*) indicate courses where a component of practical training or role-playing is required.
(A) Each item is graded from 1 to 10 points according to practical relevance to the pharmacistfs work (5 points for general necessity), giving a total between 75 and 100 points. (B) Each item is graded from 0 to 5 points (2 points for ordinary knowledge and experience) according to the pharmacistfs current familiarity with the item, giving a total of 50 points or less. Training contents are then selected by the trainee, based on relative importance according to the self-training plan (A-B) values.
| Indicator |
Example of training contents
|
A | B | A-B | ||||
| 1.Dispensing | Pharmaceutical knowledge; dispensing supervision (prescription supervision); compliance monitoring and evaluation; dispensing errors (dispensing-related accidents) | |||||||
| 2. Formulations | Pharmacy preparation; in-hospital preparation; preparation and distribution of injectables; disinfection; sterile procedures *; total parenteral nutrition *; enteral hyperalimentation; humoral and electrolyte management | |||||||
| 3. Prescription analysis | General prescription analysis; case analysis; diseases and drug treatment; drugs and pregnancy (nursing mothers); drugs and the elderly; drugs and children (newborns); drugs and obesity; TDM (applied)* | |||||||
| 4. Adverse reactions | Mechanisms of onset; symptoms; countermeasures; overdosing and drug poisoning; PEM | |||||||
| 5. Interactions | Interactions (ADME); composition changes; drug - drug; drug - pathophysiology; drug - food; drug - habitual items | |||||||
| 6. General healthcare | Ethics; medical errors; self-medication; over the counter drugs; functions (age, aging, etc.); risk factors; signs (disturbance of the consciousness, syncope, shock, convulsions, etc.) and testing; first aid treatment; QOL; diseases; epidemiology | |||||||
| 7. Drug information | General DI; sources of information (package inserts, patients, health professionals); new drug information; computer processing; medical terminology and expressions; pharmacoepidemiology; statistics; rational use; DUE; drug hazards | |||||||
| 8. Medication control and guidance | Administration guidance (patient education); medication history management; supply of information to health professionals such as physicians; team healthcare; adverse reaction monitoring; general POS; medicoeconomics (critical pathways); EBM | |||||||
| 9. Communication techniques* | Interviews; counseling; communication (patients and health professionals) | |||||||
| 10. Drug management | Quality control (injection control); preparation control; trial drug control; narcotic and psychotropic drug control; blood product control; poison and powerful drug control; Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law; radiopharmaceutical management | |||||||
| 11. Drug tests and assays | General drug tests; specifications and test methods; preparation tests; Japanese Pharmacopoeia; validation (analytical); measurement of drug concentrations in the body* | |||||||
| 12. Home healthcare | Regional healthcare; medication management and guidance; home nursing materials and welfare devices | |||||||
| 13. Health insurance system | Medical billing; dispensing billing; NHI price list; invoicing; healthcare management regulations; medical expenses; home nursing insurance | |||||||
| 14. Work-related laws and regulations | Laws and regulations in general (compliance, etc.); Pharmaceutical Affairs Law; Pharmacists Law; Medical Service Law; Narcotics and Psychotropics Control Law; Good Clinical Practice (GCP); Product Liability (PL) Law; Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law | |||||||
| 15. Pharmaceutical and medical regulatory affairs | General; Bungyo (separation of prescribing and dispensing functions); rational use; healthcare and medical supervision; drug approval reviews; post-marketing surveillance | |||||||
| 16. Primary care | Primary care in general; disease prevention; dietary guidance; diet therapy; regional health services; school health education; care for infants and nurslings; functional foods (probiotics) | |||||||
| 17. Chinese herbal medicines and natural drugs | General; application of Chinese herbal medicines; efficacy evaluations; adverse reactions; oriental medicine (Chinese herbal prescriptions); traditional medicine; natural drugs; folk remedies | |||||||
| 18. Environmental hygiene | Environmental hygiene management (water, air, light, noise, etc.); measures against nosocomial infections; food sanitation; vermin and pathogenic bacteria; industrial sanitation; measures against harmful and dangerous substances; waste material measures | |||||||
| 19. Basic pharmaceutical sciences | Biochemistry; pharmacology; pharmacokinetics; biology; anatomy; pathology; microbiology; hygienic chemistry; pharmaceutics and pharmacy manufacturing; organic chemistry; analytical chemistry; history of pharmacy | |||||||
| 20. Drug development | Plant visits; GMP; quality specifications; preclinical studies; clinical studies; post-marketing surveillance |